Acids are chemical substances that release hydrogen ions (H⁺) when dissolved in water. They have a sour taste, turn blue litmus paper red, and can react with metals to produce hydrogen gas.
Common acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), and citric acid. Acids are fundamental in chemical reactions and play essential roles in various industrial and biological processes.
Main Properties of Acids
- Usually have a pH less than 7.
- Release H+ ions in aqueous solution.
- Have a sour or pungent taste.
- Corrosive to metals and tissues.
- Change the color of acid-base indicators.
- React with bases to form salt and water.
- Examples: sulfuric acid (H2SO4) , hydrochloric acid (HCl).
- Used in the synthesis of other chemical compounds.
- Contribute to acidity in foods and beverages.
- Play a key role in chemistry and industry.
